Amazon SQS & SNS Messaging

Queue messages with SQS and publish-subscribe with SNS using boto3 and AWS SDK for JavaScript v3.

Create an SQS Queue

Create a new queue to hold messages for asynchronous processing.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
response = sqs.create_queue(QueueName="my-queue")
queue_url = response["QueueUrl"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, CreateQueueCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const { QueueUrl } = await sqs.send(
  new CreateQueueCommand({ QueueName: "my-queue" })
);

Get a Queue URL

Retrieve the URL for an existing queue by name.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
response = sqs.get_queue_url(QueueName="my-queue")
queue_url = response["QueueUrl"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, GetQueueUrlCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const { QueueUrl } = await sqs.send(
  new GetQueueUrlCommand({ QueueName: "my-queue" })
);

Send a Message

Enqueue a single message to a queue by URL.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.send_message(QueueUrl=queue_url, MessageBody="hello")

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SendMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new SendMessageCommand({ QueueUrl: queue_url, MessageBody: "hello" })
);

Send a Batch

Send multiple messages in a single request for efficiency.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.send_message_batch(
    QueueUrl=queue_url,
    Entries=[
        {"Id": "1", "MessageBody": "msg1"},
        {"Id": "2", "MessageBody": "msg2"},
    ]
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SendMessageBatchCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new SendMessageBatchCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    Entries: [
      { Id: "1", MessageBody: "msg1" },
      { Id: "2", MessageBody: "msg2" },
    ],
  })
);

Receive with Long Polling

Receive messages with long polling to reduce empty receives and latency.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
response = sqs.receive_message(
    QueueUrl=queue_url, WaitTimeSeconds=20, MaxNumberOfMessages=10
)
messages = response.get("Messages", [])

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, ReceiveMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const { Messages } = await sqs.send(
  new ReceiveMessageCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    WaitTimeSeconds: 20,
    MaxNumberOfMessages: 10,
  })
);

Delete a Message

Remove a message from the queue after processing via its receipt handle.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.delete_message(QueueUrl=queue_url, ReceiptHandle=receipt_handle)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, DeleteMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new DeleteMessageCommand({ QueueUrl: queue_url, ReceiptHandle: receipt_handle })
);

Change Message Visibility

Extend or reduce the visibility timeout for in-flight messages.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.change_message_visibility(
    QueueUrl=queue_url, ReceiptHandle=receipt_handle, VisibilityTimeout=60
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, ChangeMessageVisibilityCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new ChangeMessageVisibilityCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    ReceiptHandle: receipt_handle,
    VisibilityTimeout: 60,
  })
);

FIFO Message

Send a message to a FIFO queue with ordering and optional deduplication.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.send_message(
    QueueUrl=fifo_queue_url,
    MessageBody="order-123",
    MessageGroupId="orders",
    MessageDeduplicationId="dedup-1",
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SendMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new SendMessageCommand({
    QueueUrl: fifo_queue_url,
    MessageBody: "order-123",
    MessageGroupId: "orders",
    MessageDeduplicationId: "dedup-1",
  })
);

Create a topic for publish-subscribe messaging.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.create_topic(Name="my-topic")
topic_arn = response["TopicArn"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, CreateTopicCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { TopicArn } = await sns.send(
  new CreateTopicCommand({ Name: "my-topic" })
);

Publish to a Topic

Send a message to a topic, which routes to all subscribers.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.publish(TopicArn=topic_arn, Message="hello subscribers")
message_id = response["MessageId"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, PublishCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { MessageId } = await sns.send(
  new PublishCommand({ TopicArn: topic_arn, Message: "hello subscribers" })
);

Subscribe a queue, email, or Lambda to receive messages from a topic.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.subscribe(
    TopicArn=topic_arn, Protocol="sqs", Endpoint=queue_arn
)
subscription_arn = response["SubscriptionArn"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, SubscribeCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { SubscriptionArn } = await sns.send(
  new SubscribeCommand({
    TopicArn: topic_arn,
    Protocol: "sqs",
    Endpoint: queue_arn,
  })
);

Subscribe an SQS queue to an SNS topic, then attach a queue policy to allow SNS to send messages.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
import json
sns = boto3.client("sns")
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sns.subscribe(TopicArn=topic_arn, Protocol="sqs", Endpoint=queue_arn)
policy = {
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {"Service": "sns.amazonaws.com"},
            "Action": "sqs:SendMessage",
            "Resource": queue_arn,
            "Condition": {"ArnEquals": {"aws:SourceArn": topic_arn}},
        }
    ]
}
sqs.set_queue_attributes(
    QueueUrl=queue_url, Attributes={"Policy": json.dumps(policy)}
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, SubscribeCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
import { SQSClient, SetQueueAttributesCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sns.send(
  new SubscribeCommand({
    TopicArn: topic_arn,
    Protocol: "sqs",
    Endpoint: queue_arn,
  })
);
const policy = {
  Statement: [
    {
      Effect: "Allow",
      Principal: { Service: "sns.amazonaws.com" },
      Action: "sqs:SendMessage",
      Resource: queue_arn,
      Condition: { ArnEquals: { "aws:SourceArn": topic_arn } },
    },
  ],
};
await sqs.send(
  new SetQueueAttributesCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    Attributes: { Policy: JSON.stringify(policy) },
  })
);

Publish with Message Attributes and Filter Policy

Send a message with metadata attributes for filtering subscriptions.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
sns.publish(
    TopicArn=topic_arn,
    Message="order notification",
    MessageAttributes={
        "priority": {"DataType": "String", "StringValue": "high"},
        "region": {"DataType": "String", "StringValue": "us-west-2"},
    },
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, PublishCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
await sns.send(
  new PublishCommand({
    TopicArn: topic_arn,
    Message: "order notification",
    MessageAttributes: {
      priority: { DataType: "String", StringValue: "high" },
      region: { DataType: "String", StringValue: "us-west-2" },
    },
  })
);

Dead-Letter Queue Redrive Policy

Configure an SQS queue to send messages that fail processing multiple times to a DLQ.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
import json
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
redrive_policy = {
    "deadLetterTargetArn": dlq_arn,
    "maxReceiveCount": 3,
}
sqs.set_queue_attributes(
    QueueUrl=queue_url,
    Attributes={"RedrivePolicy": json.dumps(redrive_policy)},
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SetQueueAttributesCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const redrivePol = {
  deadLetterTargetArn: dlq_arn,
  maxReceiveCount: 3,
};
await sqs.send(
  new SetQueueAttributesCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    Attributes: { RedrivePolicy: JSON.stringify(redrivePol) },
  })
);

Publish a Direct SMS

Send an SMS message directly via SNS without a topic.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.publish(PhoneNumber="+1234567890", Message="hello")
message_id = response["MessageId"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, PublishCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { MessageId } = await sns.send(
  new PublishCommand({ PhoneNumber: "+1234567890", Message: "hello" })
);

Stack versions: This page was written for boto3 1.43.x (Python 3.10+) and the AWS SDK for JavaScript v3 (Node.js 18+).

Create an SQS Queue

Create a new queue to hold messages for asynchronous processing.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
response = sqs.create_queue(QueueName="my-queue")
queue_url = response["QueueUrl"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, CreateQueueCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const { QueueUrl } = await sqs.send(
  new CreateQueueCommand({ QueueName: "my-queue" })
);

Get a Queue URL

Retrieve the URL for an existing queue by name.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
response = sqs.get_queue_url(QueueName="my-queue")
queue_url = response["QueueUrl"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, GetQueueUrlCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const { QueueUrl } = await sqs.send(
  new GetQueueUrlCommand({ QueueName: "my-queue" })
);

Send a Message

Enqueue a single message to a queue by URL.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.send_message(QueueUrl=queue_url, MessageBody="hello")

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SendMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new SendMessageCommand({ QueueUrl: queue_url, MessageBody: "hello" })
);

Send a Batch

Send multiple messages in a single request for efficiency.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.send_message_batch(
    QueueUrl=queue_url,
    Entries=[
        {"Id": "1", "MessageBody": "msg1"},
        {"Id": "2", "MessageBody": "msg2"},
    ]
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SendMessageBatchCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new SendMessageBatchCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    Entries: [
      { Id: "1", MessageBody: "msg1" },
      { Id: "2", MessageBody: "msg2" },
    ],
  })
);

Receive with Long Polling

Receive messages with long polling to reduce empty receives and latency.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
response = sqs.receive_message(
    QueueUrl=queue_url, WaitTimeSeconds=20, MaxNumberOfMessages=10
)
messages = response.get("Messages", [])

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, ReceiveMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const { Messages } = await sqs.send(
  new ReceiveMessageCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    WaitTimeSeconds: 20,
    MaxNumberOfMessages: 10,
  })
);

Delete a Message

Remove a message from the queue after processing via its receipt handle.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.delete_message(QueueUrl=queue_url, ReceiptHandle=receipt_handle)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, DeleteMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new DeleteMessageCommand({ QueueUrl: queue_url, ReceiptHandle: receipt_handle })
);

Change Message Visibility

Extend or reduce the visibility timeout for in-flight messages.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.change_message_visibility(
    QueueUrl=queue_url, ReceiptHandle=receipt_handle, VisibilityTimeout=60
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, ChangeMessageVisibilityCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new ChangeMessageVisibilityCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    ReceiptHandle: receipt_handle,
    VisibilityTimeout: 60,
  })
);

FIFO Message

Send a message to a FIFO queue with ordering and optional deduplication.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sqs.send_message(
    QueueUrl=fifo_queue_url,
    MessageBody="order-123",
    MessageGroupId="orders",
    MessageDeduplicationId="dedup-1",
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SendMessageCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sqs.send(
  new SendMessageCommand({
    QueueUrl: fifo_queue_url,
    MessageBody: "order-123",
    MessageGroupId: "orders",
    MessageDeduplicationId: "dedup-1",
  })
);

Create a topic for publish-subscribe messaging.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.create_topic(Name="my-topic")
topic_arn = response["TopicArn"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, CreateTopicCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { TopicArn } = await sns.send(
  new CreateTopicCommand({ Name: "my-topic" })
);

Publish to a Topic

Send a message to a topic, which routes to all subscribers.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.publish(TopicArn=topic_arn, Message="hello subscribers")
message_id = response["MessageId"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, PublishCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { MessageId } = await sns.send(
  new PublishCommand({ TopicArn: topic_arn, Message: "hello subscribers" })
);

Subscribe a queue, email, or Lambda to receive messages from a topic.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.subscribe(
    TopicArn=topic_arn, Protocol="sqs", Endpoint=queue_arn
)
subscription_arn = response["SubscriptionArn"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, SubscribeCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { SubscriptionArn } = await sns.send(
  new SubscribeCommand({
    TopicArn: topic_arn,
    Protocol: "sqs",
    Endpoint: queue_arn,
  })
);

Subscribe an SQS queue to an SNS topic, then attach a queue policy to allow SNS to send messages.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
import json
sns = boto3.client("sns")
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
sns.subscribe(TopicArn=topic_arn, Protocol="sqs", Endpoint=queue_arn)
policy = {
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Principal": {"Service": "sns.amazonaws.com"},
            "Action": "sqs:SendMessage",
            "Resource": queue_arn,
            "Condition": {"ArnEquals": {"aws:SourceArn": topic_arn}},
        }
    ]
}
sqs.set_queue_attributes(
    QueueUrl=queue_url, Attributes={"Policy": json.dumps(policy)}
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, SubscribeCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
import { SQSClient, SetQueueAttributesCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
await sns.send(
  new SubscribeCommand({
    TopicArn: topic_arn,
    Protocol: "sqs",
    Endpoint: queue_arn,
  })
);
const policy = {
  Statement: [
    {
      Effect: "Allow",
      Principal: { Service: "sns.amazonaws.com" },
      Action: "sqs:SendMessage",
      Resource: queue_arn,
      Condition: { ArnEquals: { "aws:SourceArn": topic_arn } },
    },
  ],
};
await sqs.send(
  new SetQueueAttributesCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    Attributes: { Policy: JSON.stringify(policy) },
  })
);

Publish with Message Attributes and Filter Policy

Send a message with metadata attributes for filtering subscriptions.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
sns.publish(
    TopicArn=topic_arn,
    Message="order notification",
    MessageAttributes={
        "priority": {"DataType": "String", "StringValue": "high"},
        "region": {"DataType": "String", "StringValue": "us-west-2"},
    },
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, PublishCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
await sns.send(
  new PublishCommand({
    TopicArn: topic_arn,
    Message: "order notification",
    MessageAttributes: {
      priority: { DataType: "String", StringValue: "high" },
      region: { DataType: "String", StringValue: "us-west-2" },
    },
  })
);

Dead-Letter Queue Redrive Policy

Configure an SQS queue to send messages that fail processing multiple times to a DLQ.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
import json
sqs = boto3.client("sqs")
redrive_policy = {
    "deadLetterTargetArn": dlq_arn,
    "maxReceiveCount": 3,
}
sqs.set_queue_attributes(
    QueueUrl=queue_url,
    Attributes={"RedrivePolicy": json.dumps(redrive_policy)},
)

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SQSClient, SetQueueAttributesCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sqs";
const sqs = new SQSClient({});
const redrivePol = {
  deadLetterTargetArn: dlq_arn,
  maxReceiveCount: 3,
};
await sqs.send(
  new SetQueueAttributesCommand({
    QueueUrl: queue_url,
    Attributes: { RedrivePolicy: JSON.stringify(redrivePol) },
  })
);

Publish a Direct SMS

Send an SMS message directly via SNS without a topic.

# --- Python (boto3) ---
import boto3
sns = boto3.client("sns")
response = sns.publish(PhoneNumber="+1234567890", Message="hello")
message_id = response["MessageId"]

// --- TypeScript (AWS SDK v3) ---
import { SNSClient, PublishCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns";
const sns = new SNSClient({});
const { MessageId } = await sns.send(
  new PublishCommand({ PhoneNumber: "+1234567890", Message: "hello" })
);

Stack versions: This page was written for boto3 1.43.x (Python 3.10+) and the AWS SDK for JavaScript v3 (Node.js 18+).

Amazon SQS & SNS Messaging

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Amazon SQS & SNS Messaging